Big Five Personality Traits

Big five model †¢ Lewis goldberg proposed a five dimension personality model , nicknamed the big five /five factor theory. †¢ The Big Five model is a comprehensive, empirical, data-driven research finding. †¢ In psychology, the â€Å"Big Five† factors (Five Factor Model) of personality are five broad domains or dimensions of personality which are used to describe human personality. Big five factors are †¢ Factor I: Extraversion. †¢ Factor II: Agreeableness. †¢ Factor III: Conscientiousness. †¢ Factor IV: Neuroticism. †¢ Factor V: Openness to Experience. Factor I: Extraversion Extraversion is characterized by positive emotions and the tendency to seek out stimulation and the company of others. †¢ Extraverts enjoy being with people, and are often perceived as full of energy. †¢ They tend to be enthusiastic, action-oriented individuals who are likely to say â€Å"Yes! † or â€Å"Let's go! † to opportunities for excit ement. Continued†¦ †¢ In groups they like to talk, assert themselves, and draw attention to themselves. †¢ Introverts lack the social exuberance and activity levels of extraverts. †¢ They tend to seem quiet, low-key, deliberate, and less involved in the social world. Continued†¦ Extraversion : the tendency to be †¢ Talkative versus Quiet. †¢ Assertive versus Reserved. †¢ Active versus Shy. †¢ Energetic versus Silent. †¢ Outgoing versus Withdrawnness.. Sample extraversion items †¢ I don't mind being the center of attention. †¢ I feel comfortable around people. †¢ I start conversations. †¢ I talk to a lot of different people at parties. †¢ I don't talk a lot. (reversed) †¢ I have little to say. (reversed) †¢ I don't like to draw attention to myself. (reversed) †¢ I am quiet around strangers. (reversed) Factor II: Agreeableness †¢ Agreeableness is a tendency to be compassionate nd cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic towards others. †¢ They are generally considerate, friendly, generous, helpful, and willing to compromise their interests with others. †¢ Agreeable people also have an optimistic view of human nature. They believe people are basically hon est, decent, and trustworthy. Continued.. †¢ Disagreeable individuals place self-interest above getting along with others. †¢ They are generally unconcerned with others’ well-being. †¢ Sometimes their skepticism about others’ motives causes them to be suspicious, unfriendly, and ncooperative. Continued†¦.. †¢ Kind versus unkind. †¢ Appreciative versus Fault-finding. †¢ Soft-hearted versus Hard-hearted. †¢ Warm versus Cold. †¢ Generous versus Quarrelsome. †¢ Friendly versus Unfriendly. Sample agreeableness items †¢ I am interested in people. †¢ I sympathize with others' feelings. †¢ I have a soft heart. †¢ I take time out for others. †¢ I feel others' emotions. †¢ I make people feel at ease. Factor III: Conscientiousness †¢ Conscientiousness is a tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully, and aim for achievement against measures or outside expectations. The trait shows a preferenc e for planned rather than spontaneous behavior. †¢ It influences the way in which we control, regulate, and direct our impulses. Continued†¦.. †¢ Organized versus unorganized. †¢ Efficient versus inefficient. †¢ Responsible versus Irresponsible. †¢ Reliable versus unreliable. †¢ Dependable versus Undependable †¢ Practical versus imaginative. Sample conscientiousness items †¢ I am always prepared. †¢ I pay attention to details. †¢ I get chores done right away. †¢ I like order. †¢ I follow a schedule. †¢ I am exacting in my work. Factor IV: Neuroticism †¢ Neuroticism is the tendency to experience negative emotions, such as anger, anxiety, or depression. †¢ It is sometimes called emotional instability. †¢ Those who score high in neuroticism are emotionally reactive and vulnerable to stress. †¢ They are more likely to interpret ordinary situations as threatening, and minor frustrations as hopelessly difficult. Continued†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¢ These problems in emotional regulation can diminish the ability of a person scoring high on neuroticism to think clearly, make decisions, and cope effectively with stress. At the other end of the scale, individuals who score low in neuroticism are less easily upset and are less emotionally reactive. †¢ They tend to be calm, emotionally stable, and free from persistent negative feelings. Continued†¦ †¢ Tense, Anxious, Nervous, Moody, Worrying, Touchy, Fearful, Self-pitying, Temperamental, Unstable, Self-punishing. †¢ versus [Emo tional stability, Emotional control, Ego strength] Sample neuroticism items †¢ I am easily disturbed. †¢ I change my mood a lot. †¢ I get irritated easily. †¢ I get stressed out easily. †¢ I get upset easily. I have frequent mood swings. †¢ I often feel blue. †¢ I worry about things. Factor V: Openness to Experience †¢ Openness is a general appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, imagination, curiosity, and variety of experience. †¢ The trait distinguishes imaginative people from down-to-earth, conventional people. †¢ People who are open to experience are intellectually curious, appreciative of art, and sensitive to beauty. Continued†¦ †¢ They tend to be, compared to more creative and more aware of their feelings. †¢ They are more likely to hold unconventional eliefs. †¢ People with low scores on openness tend to have more conventional, traditional interests. †¢ They prefer the plain, straigh tforward, and obvious over the complex, ambiguous, and subtle. Continued†¦ †¢ Wide interests versus Narrow interests, †¢ Imaginative versus Commonplace, †¢ Intelligent versus Unintelligent, Sample openness items †¢ I have a rich vocabulary. †¢ I have a vivid imagination. †¢ I have excellent ideas. †¢ I am quick to understand things. †¢ I use difficult words. †¢ I spend time reflecting on things. †¢ I am full of ideas. Thank you Big Five Personality Traits Big five model †¢ Lewis goldberg proposed a five dimension personality model , nicknamed the big five /five factor theory. †¢ The Big Five model is a comprehensive, empirical, data-driven research finding. †¢ In psychology, the â€Å"Big Five† factors (Five Factor Model) of personality are five broad domains or dimensions of personality which are used to describe human personality. Big five factors are †¢ Factor I: Extraversion. †¢ Factor II: Agreeableness. †¢ Factor III: Conscientiousness. †¢ Factor IV: Neuroticism. †¢ Factor V: Openness to Experience. Factor I: Extraversion Extraversion is characterized by positive emotions and the tendency to seek out stimulation and the company of others. †¢ Extraverts enjoy being with people, and are often perceived as full of energy. †¢ They tend to be enthusiastic, action-oriented individuals who are likely to say â€Å"Yes! † or â€Å"Let's go! † to opportunities for excit ement. Continued†¦ †¢ In groups they like to talk, assert themselves, and draw attention to themselves. †¢ Introverts lack the social exuberance and activity levels of extraverts. †¢ They tend to seem quiet, low-key, deliberate, and less involved in the social world. Continued†¦ Extraversion : the tendency to be †¢ Talkative versus Quiet. †¢ Assertive versus Reserved. †¢ Active versus Shy. †¢ Energetic versus Silent. †¢ Outgoing versus Withdrawnness.. Sample extraversion items †¢ I don't mind being the center of attention. †¢ I feel comfortable around people. †¢ I start conversations. †¢ I talk to a lot of different people at parties. †¢ I don't talk a lot. (reversed) †¢ I have little to say. (reversed) †¢ I don't like to draw attention to myself. (reversed) †¢ I am quiet around strangers. (reversed) Factor II: Agreeableness †¢ Agreeableness is a tendency to be compassionate nd cooperative rather than suspicious and antagonistic towards others. †¢ They are generally considerate, friendly, generous, helpful, and willing to compromise their interests with others. †¢ Agreeable people also have an optimistic view of human nature. They believe people are basically hon est, decent, and trustworthy. Continued.. †¢ Disagreeable individuals place self-interest above getting along with others. †¢ They are generally unconcerned with others’ well-being. †¢ Sometimes their skepticism about others’ motives causes them to be suspicious, unfriendly, and ncooperative. Continued†¦.. †¢ Kind versus unkind. †¢ Appreciative versus Fault-finding. †¢ Soft-hearted versus Hard-hearted. †¢ Warm versus Cold. †¢ Generous versus Quarrelsome. †¢ Friendly versus Unfriendly. Sample agreeableness items †¢ I am interested in people. †¢ I sympathize with others' feelings. †¢ I have a soft heart. †¢ I take time out for others. †¢ I feel others' emotions. †¢ I make people feel at ease. Factor III: Conscientiousness †¢ Conscientiousness is a tendency to show self-discipline, act dutifully, and aim for achievement against measures or outside expectations. The trait shows a preferenc e for planned rather than spontaneous behavior. †¢ It influences the way in which we control, regulate, and direct our impulses. Continued†¦.. †¢ Organized versus unorganized. †¢ Efficient versus inefficient. †¢ Responsible versus Irresponsible. †¢ Reliable versus unreliable. †¢ Dependable versus Undependable †¢ Practical versus imaginative. Sample conscientiousness items †¢ I am always prepared. †¢ I pay attention to details. †¢ I get chores done right away. †¢ I like order. †¢ I follow a schedule. †¢ I am exacting in my work. Factor IV: Neuroticism †¢ Neuroticism is the tendency to experience negative emotions, such as anger, anxiety, or depression. †¢ It is sometimes called emotional instability. †¢ Those who score high in neuroticism are emotionally reactive and vulnerable to stress. †¢ They are more likely to interpret ordinary situations as threatening, and minor frustrations as hopelessly difficult. Continued†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ †¢ These problems in emotional regulation can diminish the ability of a person scoring high on neuroticism to think clearly, make decisions, and cope effectively with stress. At the other end of the scale, individuals who score low in neuroticism are less easily upset and are less emotionally reactive. †¢ They tend to be calm, emotionally stable, and free from persistent negative feelings. Continued†¦ †¢ Tense, Anxious, Nervous, Moody, Worrying, Touchy, Fearful, Self-pitying, Temperamental, Unstable, Self-punishing. †¢ versus [Emo tional stability, Emotional control, Ego strength] Sample neuroticism items †¢ I am easily disturbed. †¢ I change my mood a lot. †¢ I get irritated easily. †¢ I get stressed out easily. †¢ I get upset easily. I have frequent mood swings. †¢ I often feel blue. †¢ I worry about things. Factor V: Openness to Experience †¢ Openness is a general appreciation for art, emotion, adventure, unusual ideas, imagination, curiosity, and variety of experience. †¢ The trait distinguishes imaginative people from down-to-earth, conventional people. †¢ People who are open to experience are intellectually curious, appreciative of art, and sensitive to beauty. Continued†¦ †¢ They tend to be, compared to more creative and more aware of their feelings. †¢ They are more likely to hold unconventional eliefs. †¢ People with low scores on openness tend to have more conventional, traditional interests. †¢ They prefer the plain, straigh tforward, and obvious over the complex, ambiguous, and subtle. Continued†¦ †¢ Wide interests versus Narrow interests, †¢ Imaginative versus Commonplace, †¢ Intelligent versus Unintelligent, Sample openness items †¢ I have a rich vocabulary. †¢ I have a vivid imagination. †¢ I have excellent ideas. †¢ I am quick to understand things. †¢ I use difficult words. †¢ I spend time reflecting on things. †¢ I am full of ideas. Thank you

Determine the refractive index of glass

Hypothesis: The incident ray, the normal and the refracted ray all lie in the same plane. Also, according to Snell's law, for 2 particular media, the ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle of refraction should be a constant: Sin i Sin r Apparatus: 1. A rectangular prism 2. Four 1 inch pins 3. A protractor 4. A ruler 5. An A4 size cardboard 6. An A4 size sheet of plain paper 7. 4 bits of blue tack 8. A pencil Method 1. A table is drawn at the top left side of the A4 size paper with column titles: â€Å"Angle of Incidence† and â€Å"Angle of Refraction†. The table should contain 8 rows excluding the column titles. 2. The rectangular prism is placed at the middle of the top of the page and its perimeter is traced with the help of the ruler and pencil. The normal is soon after marked out in the approximate centre of the perimeter using the protractor at the 90 degrees point. The operation is then repeated at the middle of the bottom of the page and finally to the back of the page. 3. 4 perimeters with a normal on each should already be drawn at that stage. Next, an angle should be measured and traced from the point where the normal touches the perimeter line from any of the 4 sketch. The angle is noted at the table as an angle of incidence. This step is repeated five more times with different angles each time. 4. The page is placed on the piece of cardboard and stabilised using the blue tack bits. 5. 2 pins are stuck on any incident lines and the rectangular prism in placed fitting the perimeter marked previously. 6. The pins should be observed at a parallel and opposite side of the rectangular prism and the cardboard should be moved so that 1pin covers the other totally and 2 more pins should be stuck. 7. The pins are removed together with the page and a line is drawn from the 2 recent holes caused by the pins. 8. A new normal is outlined out of the new line and the angle is measured and noted as the emergent ray. 9. A line is drawn from the emergent ray to the incident ray and the angle from the normal is measured using the protractor. 10. Steps 4 to 8 are repeated 7 more times varying on the 4 perimeters. 11. The page should resemble the following: Results Conclusion The results seem satisfying enough to support the hypothesis, hence supporting the idea of the law of refraction. Evaluation and precautions * Blue tack was used so as to keep the paper stable while working to prevent errors. * A double check with another protractor was performed to ensure its accuracy. * Mistakes such as not perfectly vertical pins stuck or not exactly parallel positioning of the eye could have been performed relying on the results. * Parallax errors or other mistakes such as too bumpy cardboard may have lead to not accurate enough results. * Another method of performing the experiment yet roughly the same precision would be to use light beams which would be more accurate than our eyes' positioning therefore reducing parallax error.

Communication and Positive Relationships Essay

Module 1 Activities Q1.1 Why is it important that you are able to communicate effectively with people in your job role? Good communication is very important when working with children, young people, their families and carers. By being able to communicate effectively I am making sure that I am understood and understanding too. People, especially children respond well to positive communication, and by being able to communicate effectively with children I will be able to identify their strengths and weaknesses and be able to support them if it be needed. Being able to communicate effectively with colleagues means I will be able to discuss lessons, pupils progress and any problems that may arise, and if I am able to communicate effectively with parents and carers then I will be able to discuss pupil progress etc in a professional manner that would not be offending. Another reason why being able to communicate effectively is important is that it helps build a good rapport and builds trust between the workforce, children, young people and their carers. Q1.2 Explain your different styles of communication when: a) noticing that a Foundation age child is becoming distressed during a group activity in the Numeracy session I will come down to the level of the child and ask if they understood the session or if they found it difficult. I would be understanding. I will give the child the opportunity to express their thoughts on the lesson in the hope that I will then be able to asses why the child was becoming distressed and be able to resolve the issue so that the child felt confident enough to carry on. â€Å"Children learn best when they are enabled to express themselves †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (http://www.nicurriculum.org.uk/docs/foundation_stage/UF_web.pdf) b) noticing that a Year 7 child is becoming distressed during a group activity in the Maths lesson I will ask the child to move away from the group so they didn’t feel humiliated in front of their peers. I will not  Ã¢â‚¬Ëœtalk down’ to them; rather I will be respectful and understanding. I will give the child an opportunity to express their thoughts on why they were becoming distressed; maybe they didn’t understand the activity or were uncomfortable with the group they were put with? I will try my best to resolve any issues that the child may have, so the child knows that he was heard and not feel that he was ignored. c) Supporting a child with Asperger’s Syndrome during a role play activity about going on holiday Most children with Asperger’s syndrome like routine and structure ‘People with Asperger’s syndrome often have trouble understanding the â€Å"big picture† and tend to see part of a situation rather than the whole.â⠂¬â„¢ (http://www.webmd.com/brain/autism/tc/aspergers-syndrome-home-treatment) I will explain the activity to the child in a simple manner and give the child the opportunity to decide on what he wants to say without overpowering him. I will make sure the child understands what is going on in the activity and throughout the role play, and also make sure that he is not getting distressed. I will make sure he is comfortable when interacting with other children and that he understands what the activity is about. Children with Aspergers syndrome find it difficult to socialise, so I will talk to the child and make him feel comfortable about the role play. I will not demand, instead I will suggest so the child doesn’t feel like he is being pushed in to doing something he is not comfortable with as this will result in him becoming distressed. d) Supporting a child with hearing impairment during a role play activity about going on holiday I will firstly ensure that the activity is taking place in an area which is quiet so the child does not have difficulties in hearing. I will speak to the child, coming down to his level, and in a clear voice making sure he has understood the activity. I will use visual aids about the activity, pictures about going on holiday etc, making sure the child is comfortable with the role play. I will ensure all other children taking part in the role play speak in a loud clear voice, and that the child is sat in a place where he will be able to communicate with the others effectively. I will ensure the child is not getting distressed throughout the activity by staying close to the child and asking him at intervals ensuring that he is comfortable. Q1.3 You are concerned about the behaviour of one of the children with whom you are involved. You believe that this is due to learning development problems, and suspect this may be due to underlying medical issues. Explain how you would ensure that effective communication is maintained when discussing these issues with the child’s parent, the assigned teacher and other external professionals. When discussing these issues with the child’s parent I will make sure I am kind and considerate. I will ensure that the parents’ know that they are involved in all decisions affecting their child’s education and learning. I will be respectful, avoid being judgemental and also remember to be positive, as parents enjoy positive communication. I will include positive aspects of the child’s performance. I will listen to the parents input and there point of view. ‘†¦ Surveyed parents wanted to be treated with respect and as equals when communicating with educators. Parents are not looking for a cold, professional approach from school staff. Rather, teachers who develop a â€Å"personal touch† in their communication style achieve enhanced school relationships.’ Communicating with Parents: Strategies for Teachers, Susan Graham-Clay When discussing these issues with the teacher and other external professionals I will be non judgemental, be respectful towards the child and be sure to communicate in a way that all information is passed on accurately regarding the child’s behaviour and any other issues that there may be. Q1.4 How can a HLTA help pupils to understand why it is necessary to behave appropriately during lessons? ‘It’s far more effective to encourage good behaviour rather than deal with misbehaviour as it arises’ http://newteachers.tes.co.uk/content/top-10-strategies-encouraging-good-behaviour A HLTA can help pupils understand why it is necessary to behave appropriately by firstly being aware of the schools policy on behaviour, then making the  pupils aware of the policies regarding acceptable behaviour at the school. Pupils can be told how inappropriate behaviour can disrupt the learning process of others and the teaching process. A poster of class rules/expected behaviour can be put up in the classroom so pupils are aware of what kind of behaviour is expected from them in the school. The pupils should be made aware of what is expected of them and a consistent approach should be upheld regarding this. Q1.5 Speak to a classroom teacher and ask them about the most important things they expect from their pupils in terms of behaviour. Record them below and state whether you agree or disagree with their expectations. If there are expectations you did not agree with, think about why you did not agree. Record your thoughts here and discuss with the teacher. Participate in class discussions-Disagree Some students are not comfortable when having to speak up in class discussions. This should not be expected from all students and should not be thought of as misbehaving if students are not participating with class discussions. Hand work in on time given-Disagree It should be expected that some students may not be able to hand their work in on the time given, this can be due to learning difficulties, some students may need extra support and time in completing their work. Some students may be experiencing problems at home etc which has not made it possible for them to complete their work on time Q1.6 Say how you as a HLTA would deal with each of the following situations (Figures in brackets give the age of the pupil) Amy (13) calls Jasmine (11) a ‘chav’. I would first report the incident to the class teacher, and then I would move Amy to a different place so she does not feel humiliated and give her time to calm down and a chance to explain why she said what she did to Jasmine. I will keep an open mind and stay calm and supportive so as to not inflame the situation further. When the teacher is dealing with the situation I will make sure the rest of the class is not disrupted by keeping them on task I will see how jasmine has been affected by this and make sure she is ok. Susan (8) pulls the hair of the girl sitting next to her I will be sure to not shout as this will not solve the problem, firstly I  will move Susan away to a different place and then inform the teacher. I will give Susan time to calm down before I attempt to examine the problem, I will listen to her and show that I am interested in her feelings. I will explain how this kind of behaviour is not acceptable, I will criticise the behaviour and not Susan, and I will explain how her actions affect others around her During a whole-class activity, Jack (11) gets up and wanders round the classroom, looking at other pupils work and distracting them. I would ask Jack to return to his place and praise him when he does so. I will speak to Jack away from the rest of the pupils asking him why he was wandering around the class, maybe he wasn’t sure about the class activity, I will remind him of the class rules and explain how his behaviour was disrupting the rest of the class You hear Tom (13) threaten to ‘knife’ Paul (12) when they get out of school. I will speak to Tom calmly and ask him what was making him angry, I will show him that I am interested and want to help. I will give him time to calm down. I will tell the class teacher so she is aware of the situation and can tell the appropriate people at the school to ensure the safety of the pupils. You ask Mohammed (5) to stop talking while the teacher is talking and he swears at you I will keep calm and not shout or get angry. I will condemn the behaviour and not Mohammed so he does not feel humiliated. I will explain to the class why using this kind of language is inappropriate and how it hurts people’s feelings etc I will encourage good behaviour and praise Mohammed for doing good so he learns the difference between praise on good behaviour and being reprimanded for unacceptable behaviour. Carla (13) and Rani (13) have an argument over a pencil. Carla is racially abusive to Rani and grabs Rani’s wrist to force her to give her the pencil. I will tell Carla to move to a different place away from the class, and give her some time to reflect and think. I will inform the class teacher of what has happened and ensure that Rani is ok I will give Carla the chance to  speak, reminding her that being racially abusive was wrong and how she thought Rani may be feeling. I will not shout or become angry, I will remain calm and not criticise her behaviour You come across Chris (14) and Sam (15) smoking at the top of the playing fields I will ask both boys politely to stop smoking and get rid of the cigarettes and to also give me any other cigarettes that they may have. I will keep calm and not become angry. I will ask them if they knew the dangers and ill effects of smoking and how it was dangerous to their health etc I will criticise the act and not the pupils I will report the incident to the class teacher You overhear Charlotte (14) and Jenny (14) discussing a sexually explicit scenario involving one of the male teachers. I will tell both the girls to move places and then report to the class teacher what I had heard. I will not become judgemental or angry; I will remain calm and explain why these kinds of discussions were inappropriate in the classroom. As this is a sensitive matter involving another teacher, I will inform the appropriate member of staff to deal with it accordingly, and make sure I clearly tell them what I had heard between the girls

Healthcare Outreach and Its Economic Effect Dissertation

Healthcare Outreach and Its Economic Effect - Dissertation Example Hospital Outreach Program: An Expense or Revenue 25 2.8. An Expense 26 2.9. Outreach Program: Revenue Generating 30 Summary 39 Chapter III 41 Methodology 41 3.2. Research Questions 44 3.3. Ethical Considerations 45 3.4. Role of the Researcher 46 3.5. Methodology Framework 48 3.5.1. Selection of Documents 48 3.5.2. Population and Sample 49 3.6. Data Collection Procedures 50 3.7. Data Analysis 51 3.8. Validity and Reliability 51 Summary 53 Chapter 4 Findings 53 4.0. Introduction 54 4.1. Findings 55 Chapter 5 Discussions 64 5.0. Introduction 64 5.1. Discussions 65 5.1.1. The New Framework 65 5.1.2. The Deconstructed Nature of Outreach 67 5.1.3. The Reduced Costs 68 5.1.4. Outreach, Hospitals and Saudi Arabia Health Care System 69 Summary 72 Chapter 6 Conclusion 73 6.0. Summary 73 6.1. Recommendation 75 6.2. Conclusion 76 6.3. Limitations and Difficulties 77 6.4. Future Studies 78 References: 79 Table Table 1 P 26 Table 2 p54 Table 3 p58 Figures Fig. 1 p 25 Fig. 2 p 36 Fig. 3 p55 Fig. 4 p56 Fig. 5 p57 Fig. 6 p60 Fig. 7 p61 Chapter 1 Introduction 1.0. Introduction World Health Organization (2000) has defined health care system to be promoting maintaining and restoring health of the people. Although the definition provides a very broad understanding, context and scope, it has become on e of the primary motivators for authentic change in the health care system (Leng & Barraclough, 2007). ... Saudi Arabia is considerably a young nation, founded on 1932 (Baranowski, 2009). However, despite this fact, Saudi Arabia has provided its people comprehensive and universal coverage in their heath care access and services. Saudi Arabia has been categorized by WHO as belonging to upper middle class category (2006). In this regard, it becomes undeniable that the country is considered as affluent. The economic progress in the country, which ensued as a result of the increase in the price of oil in the world market is not only evident in the development of infrastructures, telecommunications and other signs of development and progress. The government of Saudi Arabia has steadily invested in the health care system of the country because the government recognizes the crucial role of the supposition that in Saudi Arabia health care should be made available to everybody regardless of gender, nationality and economic status (Boutayeb & Serghini, 2006; WHO, 2006). Saudi Arabia’s univer sal and comprehensive health care coverage is an attestation of the truism that economic development should permeate in all segments and sectors of the society (Stiglitz, 2009). For it is in this way, that economic development can be claimed to be working for the people, as it becomes manifest in the increase quality of life (Balakrishnan, 2010; Stiglitz, 2009). In Saudi Arabia, the primary health care provider is the government. The financial burden of the disease is shouldered by the government, thus, the citizens have been freed from the concerns and difficulties arising from illness. Despite, universal and comprehensive health care access and coverage, Saudi Arabian

The Sources for Accounting Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Sources for Accounting - Research Paper Example The accountants need to undertake the researchers for identifying the area where the change can make and suggest as per the requirement.   The reports produced by the financial regulatory bodies, used as authentic sources by the researchers. The financial regulatory bodies like International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), International Auditing and Accounting Standards Board (IAASB) used to prepare the regulations, which followed by the companies to prepare the financial statements and follow the process of auditing. They used to prepare the reports, which is suggestive for the development of the financial process. The accountants use the reports as a source to identify the current accounting practices. In the year 2008, IAASB has prepared a report for identifying the problems of auditing the fair value estimates. For the financial crisis of 2007-2010, one of the causes identified by the bodies was the wrong process of auditing by the auditors in the area of fair value accounti ng. IAASB has recommended that the auditors should understand the entity means the assets and the environment of the company to value the assets. The auditor has to find out about the internal control of the company, based on this an estimation can be made about the asset. The auditor should assess the risks associated with that material, also should analyze the expertise of the concerned person who made the estimate about the asset. The auditor should also take the representation of the management in consideration, should assess their plan using the asset (IAASB, pp.1-11). The accounting professionals prefer the report because it was prepared by a professional organization, which is also a regulatory body of the accounting practices. Sources from Company Websites When a researcher wants to analyze the financial condition of a company, then they can find it from various sources. They can find it on many blog sites, where the analysts analyze those statements from their personal view point. If the researchers use the sources then they may not find the reason behind their analysis, the frameworks used by the bloggers etc. In spite of all these, the researchers use the reports published by the company directly. Those reports published by the company management contents the notes related to the financial statements. The notes regarding the statements show all the reasons behind the entries in the financial statements. All the related information about the financial statements is included in the annual report. As an addendum, the researcher also gets the information about the ownership of the organization, the compensation of the executives, the size, and operations of the company etc, which is important when the person wants to analyze the company and take the decision about that. When a researcher wants to take a decision about whether to invest or not in Coca-Cola then he can find the information on many websites, or he can take the suggestion from the existing i nvestors. However, the investors’ suggestion may drive the decision of the investor in a wrong way.  Ã‚  

Comparing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Comparing - Essay Example They argue for urgent international agreements on limiting such publications and making the requirement of such verifiable data in publications restricted to the higher authorities. The arguments sound valid, since it refers to the possibilities of mass destruction if such data ends up in the wrong hands. History has taught us that this could be the case, if proper precautionary measures are not taken. Ray Kurzweil’s talk titled ‘The Coming Singularity’ deals with a similar topic. He reflects on the possibility of the reverse engineering of the human brain. He feels that the pace at which computer technology develops is phenomenal, and in the coming years, there will be machines that are superior to human beings. It won’t be an extra-terrestrial invasion that we will have to deal with in the future, but an invasion that comes of our on inventions that replace the human brain, complete with emotional intelligence. While this may have its good effects, one has to be aware of the downsides too. While computer technology grows exponentially, the possibilities of its related fields, like biotechnology misusing the developments to re-create a genome of a deadly virus and to use it as part of bio-terror exists. There has to be a system in place to fight any such possibilities, the way the software viruses are fought

Arab Open University Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Arab Open University - Essay Example Institution to spread knowledge and train people beyond borders. This not only shows the quality and standard of education that is being imparted, but also elucidates the uniformity and lack of discrimination in training. Such a regional center of educational excellence was absent previously in the area, and the need of such an open university was gravely felt. This helps make it accessible to all the students under the expanse, and helps educate a wide mass of people. This also allows for the mutual sharing of faculty, and increased platforms for sharing information and prospective research. The University makes use of modern IT resources in order to support the learning process. This is a characteristic feature that makes it different from its adversaries. Being 'open' in mature, its has students of all ages and all walks of life. To add, these people work and live in different areas and continuing education with a profession was not a common concept in the region until the Arab Open University. Now, this institution has enabled people to continue with managing their previous affairs, and yet have the opportunity by mean of technology to study from places of their convenience. This not only enables the people to gain education in a discipline of their choice, but also has made it possible for the large Arabic population to become computer literate. Therefore, the in a practical domain has become a hallmark of the AOU. PERSUASIVE ESSAY WRITING ASSIGNMENT 2: Write a persuasive essay which presents your opinion on whether car seat belts should be required by law. Make sure the thesis statement clearly reflects your opinion on this. Follow the steps of the writing process. PART A. Plan your essay before you...Make sure the thesis statement clearly reflects your opinion on this. Follow the steps of the writing process. Accident simulations by the leading car manufacturers of the world have shown the grave difference between the aftermath of an accident with and without a seatbelt, the latter being much more destructive.

Finance accounting assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Finance accounting - Assignment Example In short, they let the customers do talk. The company is currently ranked as the largest global lifestyle brand offering company. It offers menswear, women swear, and other vital accessories over 100 retail stores in more than 30 countries. Today, Excellency clothing company fulfills its commitment to customers by providing commercial fashion and offering quality designs. The company has a vision of multi- channeling distribution and looking forward to the expansion of the brand in new and existing international markets. Despite the fact that the company has a vision of expanding its market size to gain competitive advantage over other competitors, it has experienced a setback of decrease in the profitability in recent years mainly due to the stiff competition in the market and economic recession and financial crisis (Ketz et al., 2005). The company’s financial statement show road to economic depression is skyrocketing. Based on the data from the income statement provided in the annual report, it is clearly seen that there is a decline in the company performance. At the beginning of 2014, the company reported revenue of  £215,623,000, a drop of about (39440/255063)*100 = 15.46% from the year 2013. The decrease in the income was caused by unfavorable movements in the foreign currency rates in the respective countries (White et al., 2011). Another crucial factor was the stiff global competition that scaled up in the retail industry. The next item to be analyzed is the cost of sales that increased from (96800/255063)*100 = 37.95% in the year 2013 to (84500/215623) = 39.19%. The increase in the value f sales was due to the inventory damage which is inexcusable forcing the company to purchase more stocks, manufacture more wares and to cover additional costs that are associated with repackaging and finally storing replacement finished goods. Other factors that led to an increase in the cost of sales were the warehouse

Employee Relations System in Singapore and Eire Essay - 1

Employee Relations System in Singapore and Eire - Essay Example In fact, both are facing similar issues associated with employment relations such as heavily dependent on foreign workers, have a chronic ageing work force, the country is outsourcing its labor intensive industries to another country, and privatization of public companies. The influx of low wage and low skilled workers causes a differentiation between high and low wages, and skilled and non-skilled labors. As both countries are heavily depending on foreign workers, the government has to decide to impose levy and quota to constraint the growth of the foreign workers and hence to improve the chance of local citizens to obtain employment, and to extend the retirement age decision. Some people may consider older workers are less productive and cost more to keep them but at the same time, companies are hiring less educated and less skilled workers then send them for retraining and upgrading the non-skillable workers and hence, the notion of cost effectiveness becomes more expensive. Employee relations have an impact on the employees' health. ... This may be the result of poor hygiene or personal uncleanliness, as Cabill & Co. report that "where there is toleration, and complacency, instead of disgust for appalling hygienic shortcomings, then in any campaign - such as that which is so urgently necessary to create presentable disease" (p. 326). Both Eire and Singapore's strategic employment relations is based on the industrial model were modernized or transformed to those of the American's in the early 1980s. however, its strategic choice model that represents a paradigm shift is a strategic quality choice and a choice that is built on system theory of Parson (in Legett) and Dunlop (ibid). They go through different employment strategic methods, which are transformed from colonial administration to regulated pluralism that is started from 1959 to 1967, from regulated pluralism to corporation that last from 1968 to 1978, "economic success had brought Singapore a tight labor market and anxiety about being caught in the low wage trap" (Legett, 2005, p. 380). From corporation to corporate paternalism between 1979 and 1986, and from corporate paternalism to manpower planning - which is currently being applied to the employment system. Under the colonial regime, trade unions that were actively involved in employee and industrial relations were regulated by the unions. Under regulated pluralism, both industrial and employee relations and their conditions were regulated and bonded by the laws. This change is an effort to cultivate trade unions loyalty toward political parties and at the same time, it reduces the growth of trade unions. Under corporatism, government places legal constraints on collective bargaining and trade unions become partners to political parties in terms of labor negotiation between the

3 policies which promote positive pupil behaviour Coursework

3 policies which promote positive pupil behaviour - Coursework Example The School Standards and Framework Act 1998, Section 61 requires schools to lay down their behaviour policy in black and white. The policy elaborates on how the school promotes positive behaviour, excellent attendance and tackles absenteeism. The most effective behaviour management policies of a school are necessarily based on a deep sound understanding of the factors that drive the behaviour. Overall, a well-thought out behaviour management policy while helping mould the ethos of the school, would also help to gain students’and parents’ confidence in the school. Three approaches in the policy that could potentially promote positive pupil behaviour are: (1) Laying down a code of conduct for pupils clearly specifying what behaviour the school expects. This will clearly enunciate what behaviour the school expects from the pupils. The rules could spell out demands such as polite and tolerant behaviour from all members of the school community, cooperation and consideration for others, honesty, respect for the rights and property of others, a positive attitude towards work, development of friendliness and trusting relatioships. The rules should also spell out what behaviour does not conform with the expectations of the school. For example, lack of punctuality, playing truant, refusal to work, causing malicious damage to peers’ and school’s property, stealing, lying, bullying, verbal or physical abuse, use or introduction of banned substances, use or introduction of dangerous implements including knives and so on. (2) Rewards and sanctions as strategies to encourage good behaviour. A positive approach to managing behaviour invariably has rewarding good behaviour as its focus. The rewards could consist of a gesture (such as smile) of approval, private or public verbal praise, award of stars or ‘smileys’, written comments on work, being assigned a special responsibility, credits and certificates/ commendations/prizes, house poin ts etc. When students flout the ‘good behaviour’ rules despite appropriate help, sanctions become necessary. Sanctions could range from a look of disapproval, to reprimand, counselling, move to another seat, loss of recreational time, setting additional work, interviews with parents etc., and, finally, permanent exclusion. (3) Classroom organization for successful implementation of the policy. To ensure that the expectations of good behaviour as set out in the school policy are met, it is necessary to display in the classroom a limited number (preferably 5) of important rules of good behaviour as is appropriate to the age group of the class. Teachers should take the responsibility of explaining the rules to the students. Also, when a student breaks a rule, the teacher should work with the students and make them understand what rule was broken and why, how to fix the damage done, and how a repetition of the same can be prevented. #13. Identify ten strategies which you un derstand would support appropriate class room behaviour. 1. Limit the set of rules to a minimum. This will make it easier for the pupils to remember and follow. 2. Be proactive. Some advance planning and preparation can prevent disruption of work. 3. Work within a clear framework of clear instructions. However, there should be flexibility e.g., to postpone the activity if the students are tired. 4. Set specific goals for lessons as well as behaviour. There should be scope for negotiations with the pupils about both. 5. Be positive. Keep smiling and maintain good humour, and encourage the pupils to work towards meeting the set goals through rewards. 6. Be realistic about pupils’ behaviour. Pupils can be noisy and inquisitive. Proper seating arrangements can minimise noise and other disruptions. 7. Be alert to signs of

Investment and Portfolio Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Investment and Portfolio Analysis - Essay Example The understandings of market sentiments are very important for technical analysts and day-traders who try to maximize profits from stock price movement. The analysis of balance sheet of the company is found that the company has strong fundamentals including sufficient assets to cover its liabilities and there are no concerns regarding debt, payables, or inventory. With the help of several technical indicators, an investor will be able to analyze the relationship between price – volume and demand – supply for the overall market as well as the individual stock and make appropriate investment decisions. The company’s management has been able to successfully tackle the slow demand situation by introducing new products in the market at lower cost which increased the company’s sales volumes. With the increase in sales the company’s cost of production also increased at CAGR of 49% during the past three years. On the basis of these analysis and findings a s uitable recommendation can be given to investor regarding the attractiveness of the investment. The investment style of an individual varies from another depending on various opportunities and investment constraints. Individuals generally invest a certain portion of the surplus left after all necessary expenditures are carried out. The most common objective however is to maximize their return on investment. A proper fundamental and technical analysis generally provides a basic idea regarding these aspects and helps investors make informed investment decisions. Other factors like macroeconomic scenario, industry analysis, market sentiments and management analysis also plays an important factor in giving the best idea of a long or short sale investment decision. This report discusses these important investment tools with reference to a particular stock, which will help the investors a clue of

Poetic skills Tennyson Essay Example for Free

Poetic skills Tennyson Essay To finally come to a conclusion on this question we will be referring to 3 narrative poems which are, The Lady of Shalott, The Charge of the Light Brigade and Mariana. A narrative poem is a poem that tells a story such as Mariana which tells us a story of a girl who is waiting for her lover who would not return to her. The poetic skills that can be used in such poems are techniques such as description, use of mood and atmosphere, use of words, structure (stanzas, rhythm, rhyme scheme) and style (repetition, imagery, personification, alliteration, onomatopoeia, metaphor, contrast, simile), also narrative skills, e. g. suspense and tension (created within the story). In The Lady of Shalott, Tennyson divides the poem into 4 parts. The first part (part 1) sets the scene and consists of 4 stanzas. The second part (part 2) also consists of 4 stanzas. In this part we are inside the tower and we meet the lady, we also learn the she has a curse on her and that she must not look out of the window. In part 3 there are 5 stanzas. Here Sir Lancelot is introduced riding and singing on his way to Camelot. The lady can not resist and goes to look at him. The curse is broken and it is upon her, The curse is come upon me, cried The lady of Shalott (part 3 stanza 5 lines 8-9) Part 4 is the climax to the story and the poem. This part consists of 6 stanzas. Here she leaves the castle, goes out into the storm and finds a boat. The river takes her far. She sings her last song and dies. She is now seen by the people and Sir Lancelot for the first time. The second poem Mariana is made up of 7 stanzas. At the start of each stanza there is a narrative voice and Marianas voice at the end. Each stanza describes a different area of her life. In the first stanza we see everything falling apart, The rusted nails fell from the knots (Stanza 1 line 3) This is a comparison to how her life is falling apart. At the end of each of the first six stanzas there are three lines which are always the same, He cometh not, she said, she said; She said, I am aweary, aweary, I would that I were dead! (stanza 1 2 3 4 5 6 lines 10-11-12) The effect could be that we start to feel sorry for this poor, wretched woman as she always says that she wants to be dead. These three lines show that Mariana is waiting for someone but he never arrives. She wishes she was dead. The whole poem is about a woman alone in her house with everything falling apart.

Classical Music

Classical Music Classical music seems definitely more comprehensive and soul searching. Classical music seems to be much less accessible than rock since it has become very elitist. Elitism always strips the emotion necessary to inspire any passion. Because rock is not valued as high art there remains room for real emotion. People always like what is natural and real. Classical music has been and still is a major part of American and European cultures. This type of music was my aunts and still is her favorite type of music. She listened to classical music all of her life ever since she was first introduced to it by her parents back in the mid 1900s. Her parents tried to encourage her to only listen to classical music because they said that it brought peace to the mind and helped people concentrate on their work better. Classical music is just so hard to relate to since there are very few or no words and it has been in existence for a very long period of time without much change. This, is one reason younger people, like me, do not quite know what to make of classical music, but on the other hand, the seriousness of classical music could also be an attraction. To me it is as if classical music and rock inhabit different worlds, where people think in entirely different ways. Listening to classical music was seen as a sign of someone who was very well educated and well mannered. Classical music was just so wonderful to her because it brought together so many different kinds of instruments in a beautiful harmony. Classical music almost never talks about such things. Classical music just seems so repetitive and gets tiring to me very fast. She very much appreciated the musical works of composers such as Beethoven, Mozart, Schubert, Haydn, and many others. Some of these benefits include optimizing brain d evelopment, building social and emotional skills, and stimulating creativity and enhancing joy. According to my aunt, classical music has many benefits. Classical music because she was so engrossed in it that she wanted to learn everything about it and more. This music is just so inspirational. The most obvious example is when rock first appeared in 1954, it was an eruption of black music into the white pop mainstream. When I listen to music, I like to hear words in the song. However, in a classical song, one cannot really try to improvise because it might disrupt some of the harmonies of other instruments, and just overall mess up the whole song. Classical music certainly is more complex. HoweverI always wonder why the rock musicians are millionares. Most of them dont even know how to read music. They dont spend years taking lessons and seem to master their instruments. A guitarist in my favorite rock band, only took a couple of guitar lessonsyet now he is considered one of the best guitarists in rock and is a millionaire. I guess the real art in rock, is the creativity of coming up with something that the public likes. I would say that rock music is the dominant music in the western world today. I wonder why that is. Is it because of the strong beat in rock? Or because it is easier for people to listen to? Or maybe because the rock compositions (overall) are shorter? Is the electric guitar easier to master than symphony instruments? Perhaps the real clue is, there are so many different kinds of classical music, that exploring the genre will eventually involve an attempt to understand some sort of music. And this is what, to me, rock music doesnt need: all you have to do is listen to the music, and listen to the words; if it moves you, you like it. Rock music tends to lack the mental effort of comprehension. This does not mean that people who listen to rock music are stupid :). They are people who simply want to enjoy their music. I see them as wanting to relax to it, not wanting to be discerning and analytical. This is why I like to listen to some rock. As the why rock musicians make more money: They play in huge stadiums, where classical music is very hard to perform. Rock music is generally fairly catchy, has singable lyrics, that really hit home to some people, or just something about the ease in listening to it that makes everyone like it.

Theories on How the Moon was Formed

Theories on How the Moon was Formed Earth’s sole natural satellite was first scientifically observed through Galileo Galilei’s telescope since 1610. The celestial body Galileo was observing makes a complete orbit around Earth in 27 earth days at a distance of 384 thousand km1. The Moon rotates and spins at the same rate which causes it to keep the same side or face towards Earth during the course of its orbit1. The satellite moderates the Earth’s wobble on its axis through a gravitational pull which is responsible for stabilizing the weather, and also for creating a tidal rhythm that has been helping humans for thousands of years. The Moon is also responsible for helping nocturnal animals see at night through its light reflecting from the Sun onto the Earth. Earth’s moon is a rocky solid body containing a cratered surface from impacts, with an exosphere (a very thin and weak atmosphere) and lack of liquid on its surface that cannot support life1. Although this celestial body cannot support l ife, it has helped life on Earth since the beginning. How was the moon created? There are several lunar origin theories which will be explained further in this paper. There were three pre-Apollo major theories that have been speculated for centuries2. These are: capture theory, fission theory, and the double planet theory3. The fission hypothesis was proposed by Charles Darwin’s son, George Darwin in 1878. He thought that the Moon and the Earth were a part of each other2 and that the Earth had been spinning so fast that material broke off from the Earth which formed into the Moon. The reason why he thought this was because of Kepler’s third law, and also because of his observation that the Moon’s orbital period was growing around the Earth suggesting that it must have been closer to Earth at one point. Kepler’s harmonic law relates the orbital period of a planet to its average distance from the sun showing that closer planets travel at greater speeds and also have shorter orbital periods4. This was a popular theory for the longest time even though it had its problems. Another scientist, Osmond Fisher, encouraged the ide a and thought that the Pacific Ocean was actually a scar left from the separation of the Earth and the Moon 2. This theory was eventually disproved and later on, researchers showed that in order for the Moon to separate from the Earth, the Earth must have been spinning so fast that it was rotating around the sun at least once every two and a half hours3 which scientists believe couldn’t have happened. Also, a scientist named Forest Ray Moulton showed through mathematics of the stability of fluid mechanics, the Moon could not have been formed through fission2. The second major theory that was hypothesized was the co accretion theory, double planet hypothesis, or the condensation theory. This theory suggests that the Moon and Earth formed together at the same time by co-accretion through the original Nebula that formed the solar system (suggested by Pierre-Simon Laplace) 2. This theory is observed through binary star systems and has the greatest astronomical observational support. It also has the help of the Roche limit proposed by Edouard Roche that shows the physical limit to how close the Moon can be as a celestial body disproving the fission theory as well. This limit showed that the Moon could only have existed as a ring of debris similar to Saturn and Jupiter2. Unfortunately, problems were observed with this theory since scientists could not explain why Venus did not have a moon, and why the Earth did not share the same properties as the Moon such as the type of core each had (Earth is dense, the Moon is not), a differing gravity forc e, and the amount of Iron each body had3. The third pre-Apollo major theory that was proposed was formulated by Thomas JJ See. He suggested that the Moon was a captured satellite and that it was actually formed further out in the solar system as far as Neptune2, and somehow, the Moon became close enough to the Earth that the gravitational pull of the Earth captured it. This theory could explain why the Moon and Earth do not share the same properties and is also evident in the universe itself with Mars and other planets. However, this too had its problems because it is very unlikely that a celestial body with the Moon’s shape and elliptical orbit could have found the Earth the way it did. If it was slightly different (which it should have been), it would have crashed into Earth or would have been thrown away from it3. After the Apollo 11 lunar landing with the first men on the Moon, there was a new hypothesis generated through the help of a little piece of moon rock. The moon rock showed that volatile substances with low boiling points such as water were rare as well as metals such as potassium and sodium3. This in itself discredited the fission and double planet theories because if these were true, the Moon would have the same composition as the Earth. The latest theory is also known as the canonical moon theory: the Giant Impact Hypothesis3. It in a way combines all three theories to form one that makes the most sense overall. This hypothesis proposes that the Earth was struck by another celestial body the size of Mars called Theia5 (capture hypothesis). The impact of this collusion expelled large amounts of material (the fission hypothesis) 2, and since Theia had a less dense mantle, Earth’s core was untouched by the impact5. The material which was a ring of very hot debris6 eventually c oalesced or condensed into Earth’s sole satellite (co-accretion hypothesis) 2. This also implies that the Moon would have formed very hot or possibly molten which also disapproves that the Moon was formed solely through the capture hypothesis since if the moon was captured it would not heat up as much as it did. Moreover, the substances on the Moon are more common to silicon and aluminum which are substances with high boiling points3. Although the Giant Impact Hypothesis is what most scientists believe to be the origin of the Moon, there has been new research by geochemist Junjun Zhang from the University of Chicago that looked at titanium isotopes, t50 to t47 in 24 separate samples of moon soil and rock5. The geochemist tested titanium since Theia should have left its signature on the Moon after the giant collision and it is very unlikely that Earth could have exchanged titanium since it has a very high boiling point5. However, research showed that similar to oxygen isotopes from previous research, titanium shares a good proportion of the Earth’s mantle7.This is troubling since Theia was thought to be a ways away from the Earth. Moreover, Robin Canup from the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado shares input and states that oxygen isotope composition of Mars differs from Earth by a factor of 50 so it is improbable for the Moon to have the same proportions of oxygen and titanium7. Another study was conducted in 2012 by Matija Cuk from SETI (Search for Extraterrestial Intelligence) and Sarah Stewart from Harvard University7 and suggests that if the Earth was spinning faster than it is now (to have two or three hours for a day), the planet could have thrown enough material to form the Moon. After forming the Moon, the gravitational pull could have eventually slowed down the Earth’s spin rate eventually producing the 24 hour day we have today7. In order to understand how the universe works, more research needs to be conducted including a mission to Venus7 so that we can better understand how and why the Earth and Moon have the composition they do. We already know the composition of Mars so it is important to know how the other planet beside us, Venus, operates as well. Although we have theories of how the Moon was formed, even the canonical Giant Impact Hypothesis seems to be wrong due to recent research about the Earth and Moon’s properties. I think it is very likely that Matija Cuk and Sarah Stewart’s hypothesis is correct, that is, the young Earth may have spun fast enough to form a moon. The Earth could have been closer to the Sun than it is today which is highly probable due to the dark energy slowly expanding our universe. Moreover, the debris may have shaped into the Moon’s form, a spherical satellite, which can be observed through an example of binary star systems. Eventually, the Moon could hav e been big enough to stabilize the Earth’s orbit, to conduct how long our days are today, and further support life on Earth by providing ocean tides to influence the Earth’s climate.

Tragedy In Drama Essay -- essays research papers

Tragedy and Drama In a range of dramatic works from Agamemnon to Hamlet, one sees the range of development of the tragic form, from the earliest Greek to the later Shakespearean tragedies. There are two basic concepts of tragedy: the concept introduced by Aristotle in his Poetics, and the concept developed by Frederick Nietzsche in his "The Birth of Tragedy." Many dramas can be reviewed to reveal the contrast between these two concepts of tragedy, and demonstrate the development of the tragic form over time. The idea of Greek tragedy stems from Aristotle’s definition of a tragic hero. In Aristotle’s definition, the tragic hero must be a person of high standing so their fall from glory will be all the more horrible. The hero’s story must evoke pity for the hero and fear of his fall, so the hero cannot be completely evil. Also, the hero must have a tragic flaw, a characteristic that, in excess, causes him to bring some disaster upon himself, and because of this, he cannot be completely good either. It is important to note that the root of the term tragic flaw is the Greek word â€Å"hamartia†, which is actually better translated as an error in judgement. Often this flaw or error has to do with fate  ­ a character tempts fate, thinks he can change fate or doesn't realize what fate has in store for him. In Agamemnon, the classic Greek drama, Aeschylus demonstrates the concept of the tragic flaw in the character of Agamemnon. While on his journey to the battle at Troy, Agamemnon has to make the choice to sacrifice his daughter for the sake of his fleet. It is this choice that begins the cycle of tragedy. Agamemnon’s wife, Clytemnestra, sees her husband’s act as unforgivable, and upon his return from battle, she murders him in an act of vengeance. However, this is not the only revenge taking place. Clytemnestra’s lover, whose father Thyestes was tricked by Agamemnon into devouring his own children, also justifies Agamemnon’s murder as revenge for the acts committed against his family. So while Agamemnon is heralded as a hero in the battle of Troy, his less admirable side is also revealed. In keeping with the Aristotelian concept of tragedy, Agamemnon is seen as neither entirely good nor entirely bad, thus invoking pity. But his decision to sacrifice his daughter for the good of his fleet and his acts against Thyestes demonstrates the fatal error in judgem... ... influence over the events of the tragedy. Similarly, in Hamlet, the other characters are much more complex than in Greek tragedies, and the interactions of the characters, which may represent their communities as a whole, greatly impact the eventual outcome. From Agamemnon to Hamlet, we have discovered the progression of the form of dramatic tragedy. We can see the evolution from the earlier Greek tragedies, that focus on divine intervention and vindication for acts that displeased the gods, to the very humanly emotional Hamlet, whose eventual realization of his own responsibilities introduce an entirely new concept to the tragic form. This dramatic range demonstrates the differences between the concepts of tragedy as defined by Aristotle, who believed all tragedy stemmed from some fatal flaw in the character of the hero and that of Nietzsche, who believed the concept of tragedy focused more on the community than on the character of the hero alone. These dramas also represent the evolution of the art of dramatic writing from the earliest Greek authors through Shakespeare, who virtually reinvented tragedy and elevated the art of dramatic writing to the form we know it as today.

Republic of Chad Essay -- Population Growth, Chads Cultural Structure

Chad is an ethnically diverse African country that also happens to be one of the poorest countries in Africa. Chad gained its independence from France in 1960 after a sixty year rule. There are several national cultures in Chad that are based on ethnoregional and religious affiliations. There are more than 200 ethnic groups in Chad, and those in the north and east are typically Muslim; most southerners are animists and Christians. Through their long religious and commercial relationships with Sudan and Egypt, many of the peoples in Chad's eastern and central regions have become more or less Arabized, speaking Arabic and engaging in many other Arab cultural practices as well (Azevedo, Graham, and Nnadozie). The people who reside in southern Chad's took more readily to European culture during the French colonial period. The county of Chad is 495,752 square miles and is three times larger than California, according to the CIA World Fact Book. Chad has a population of 10,543,464 as of July 2010, which is a population density of 14.2 people per square mile and a population growth rate of 2.038 percent, according to the CIA World Fact Book. Chad also has an urban population of twenty-seven percent, according to the CIA World Fact Book. Chad is one of the poorest countries on the African continent. Chad's economy is mostly agricultural and eighty percent of Chad's population relies on subsistence farming and livestock rising as their livelihood, cotton farming, growing sorghum, millet, groundnuts, vegetables, and fruits (Azevedo, Graham, and Nnadozie). The other twenty percent of Chad's population works in the industry services such as manufacturing, services, and the military. According to the CIA World Fact Book, eigh... ...employees who sign up for it. The McDonalds could bring endless possibilities to Chad. The people who be learn new skill, some could get the opportunity to could to college, receive health care, be able to take care of their families, and maybe open up their own business one day. My McDonalds on Chad could possibly help to strengthen Chad's economy, but I honestly don't think a McDonalds would do well in Chad. Chad is basically a large plain, with some mountain ranges, and desert. To put a McDonalds in the middle of the desert would be ludicrous. The majority of the people are still living in an agrarian culture and I don't think they would be very willing to spend what little money they do have on McDonalds. I think if this were a real business venture it would be a major failure. Chad just doesn't have the economy to support a McDonalds.

Nontariff barries Essay

In the Xia case, if the WTO were to rule in favor of Brazil, which of the WTO trade agreements would contain the justification and why? Answer: Brazil banned imports of Xia goods from China because there was allegations and unconfirmed speculation pertaining to China’s use of hazardous materials (for example, lead paint and potentially carcinogenic plastic and rubbers) to manufacture toys cheaply, which sparked consumer panic around the globe. The imports of Xia goods were banned until the test was performed to guarantee that these goods do not possess any health risk. The Chinese government completely refuted this claim and fearing that other country might follow the similar pattern, took the matter before WTO for resolution. If WTO were to rule in favor of Brazil, it would justify it on the basis of â€Å"Technical Barriers to Trade Agreement (TBT)†. This agreement is intended that technical regulations, standards and procedures of conformity assessment do not unnecessarily international trade barriers, while recognizing the right of Members to take regulatory measures to achieve its legitimate objectives, including: the imperatives of national security, the requirements in terms of quality, the protection of human health or safety and the life or health of animals, plant life, environmental protection and prevention practices likely to mislead. (Fliess and Schonfeld, 2011) TBT Agreement applies to: †¢Technical regulations: These are measures that establish the features of a product and the processes and production methods which compliance is mandatory. †¢Standards: These are measures approved by a recognized body that provide, for common and repeated use, rules, guidelines or characteristics for products and processes and production methods which compliance is voluntary. †¢The procedures for conformity assessment: procedures that are used, directly or indirectly, to determine that relevant requirements in technical regulations or standards are fulfilled. These measures should be applied only to extent necessary to protect human, plan or animal life and should be based on scientific principles. Since Xia goods are alleged to have some health risks, the temporary ban on its import was justified until it was provided that it is free of health hazards. 2.If the details of the Xia case were indeed presented to the WTO, explain what the WTO ruling would most likely be and why. Answer:  The objective of the dispute settlement mechanism is to secure a positive solution to a dispute. This is clearly to be preferred to a mutually acceptable to the parties to the dispute and consistent with the covered agreements. Failure to reach a mutually agreed solution, the first objective of the dispute settlement mechanism is usually to secure the withdrawal of the measures concerned if these are found to be inconsistent with the provisions of any of the covered agreements. Do not resort to compensation only where it is not feasible immediately suppress inconsistent with a covered agreement and as a temporary measure pending the withdrawal. The last resort which this Understanding to the Member invoking the dispute settlement procedures is the possibility of suspending a discriminatory manner against another Member, the application of concessions or other obligations under the covered agreements provided that the DSB authorize the adoption of these measures. (Raghavan, 2000). If it is indeed proved that Xia goods are manufactured from hazardous materials, the ruling of WTO is likely to be in favor of Brazil. In such a case, WTO is likely to define an international standard for Xia’s goods to be exported to other countries. If the quality of product falls below this minimum standard, the ban on imports will be justifiable. On the other hand, if goods from China are meeting these standards, the ruling would be in favor of China and Brazil would not be able to restrict its import. 3.In the soybean case, what was the measure adopted by the Chinese government to protect soybean farmers from import surges, and what are the WTO parameters for instituting such measures? Answer: China imported 49% of Brazil’s soybean sued until July 2012. These were 17.1 million tones from 34.9 Total you bought. Thus, the South American country is located on the first exporter of oilseed Asian giant, the largest global importer of the product. (Kassai and Colitt, 2013) Brazilian soybean exports to China were being used to feed domestic cattle and poultry stocks in China. This rise in the demand for soybeans reflected the discovery by animal nutritionists that combining 1 part soybean meal with 4 parts grain, usually corn, in feed rations would sharply boost the efficiency with which livestock and poultry converted grain into animal protein. Chinese government restricted imports on soybean and argued that surge of imported soybeans and its lower cost were negatively affecting the livelihood of domestic coastal farmers who were being forced to increase the domestic price of soybean to offset crop losses from flooding. Here, the Chinese government has used â€Å"Agreement on Safeguard† to protect soybean farmers from import surges. Such measures are used when increased import of particular products seriously threatens the importing country’s domestic industry. WTO parameters for instituting such measures: a) Imports must have serious implications for domestic industry b) Measures should only be temporary c) Should not be discrimination while imposing such measures on different countries. 4. If the details of the soybean case were indeed presented to the WTO, explain what the WTO ruling would most likely be and why. Answer: The Chinese government would reduce or eliminate the quotas and other measures which until now have protected domestic production of soybeans from cheaper imports. China’s consumption of soybeans ballooned by more than 160% between 2000 and 2011 when import barriers were removed, but the area planted with soybeans declined by 20% during those same years. Chinese farmers were simply unable to compete with imported soybeans that were RMB 300 to 600 (US$45-90) cheaper per ton than domestic beans. Imported soybeans now account for three-quarters of the soybeans processed into cooking oil and feed in China, the products of soybean crushing. If China is able to prove that domestic soybean producers are not able to survive because of low cost imports from Brazil, the WTO ruling would be in favor of China and such measures would be upheld. However, if such measures were used as retaliation to Brazilian ban on Chinese toys, the WTO ruling would be in favor of Brazil and China would not be able to restrict import of Soybean from Brazil. REFERENCES Raghavan, Chakravarthi (2000). The World Trade Organization and its Dispute Settlement System. Retrieved from: http://www.twnside.org.sg/title/tilting.htm Kassai Lucia, Colitt Raymond. (2013). Brazil Soy Boom Bottlenecked as China Left Waiting: Commodities. Retrieved from http://www.bloomberg.com/ Busch, Marc L. Eric Reinhardt (2003), â€Å"Developing Countries and GATT/WTO Dispute Settlement†, Journal of World Trade 37(4) Filess Barbara, Schonfeld Raymond, (2011). Using International Standards in Regulations. OECD Provides a New Tool for Governments. Retrieved from: http://www.astm.org/SNEWS/MJ_2011/perspective_mj11.html World Trade Organization. (2014). Technical barriers to trade. Retrieved from: http://www.wto.org World Trade Organization. (2014). Agreement on Safeguards. Retrieved from: http://www.wto.org

Career Goal Essay

My short term goal – immediately upon completion of the MBA – is to enter the field of FMCG marketing. My aim is to take up a challenging product marketing position with a top global consumer goods company. This role would give me the opportunity to identify target market segments, and devise strategies to tap into them. By working on the design and execution of marketing campaigns, I will be able to combine my newly acquired business skills with my inherent creativity and channel it in a way that helps my organization grow. I have deep interest in gaining extensive learning in the field of marketing. Over a period of a few years I aim to become an expert in end-to-end marketing strategy and execution. This expertise will help me achieve my longer term goal – to set up a niche marketing consultancy for the health foods and nutrition snacks sector. My consultancy will provide a one-stop solution for marketing and promotion activities such as market research, market targeting and segmentation and implementation of marketing programs. My firm will allow me to leverage my love of marketing for bringing healthy food supplements that benefit society as a whole. Through my work in commercial sales, I have gained experience in understanding complex and fragmented market landscapes, identifying market gaps that the business can serve, bridging operational ability with market needs and negotiating with suppliers and customers. I have learned the art of managing customer expectations and building strong customer relationships even under difficult delivery constraints and economic conditions. All of these will be valuable in my marketing career. Additionally, the MBA degree will help me address the gaps that presently exist in my competencies. The MBA program will give me exposure to multi-domain business knowledge from finance to supply chain to human resources to technology. More importantly, it will help me understand the interplay between business functions, and between the business and its competitive environment. This will be instrumental in devising optimal marketing strategies that best serve the organization’s vision. Through the MBA, I will also gain expertise in the use of popular marketing frameworks to identify market needs and gaps, and determine appropriate pricing strategies. Soft skills, such as presentation and communication skills, are also vital to success in marketing. The MBA degree will greatly help me enhance my soft skills. It will also give me the  opportunity to network and build professional relationships with peers and alumni – who themselves are successful business executives. These networks will be instrumental in my career growth as well as in establishing my business venture in the future. The comprehensive set of competencies that the MBA will equip me with makes will give me the perfect platform to reach my career objectives.

Dear Senator

Dear Senator I am a long-time resident of Idaho, and I am writing to express my concern about recent discussion and the pending decision to employ the Boulder White Cloud Wilderness Bill. I understand that the decision is being considered to enable the bill to be passed in the House of Representatives later this month. However, I do not believe that the benefits of the Wilderness Bill outweigh its inherent flaws. Consider: Wilderness areas are selected to serve as safe havens and homes to our nation’s wild species; they should not be treated as parcels of land to be purchased and used to build trophy homes for the wealthy. The further bias of the bill towards land use for motor vehicle recreation will disrupt the natural habitats of many animals, not to mention put people in harms way. Allowing the Bill to cater to ATV drivers, snowmobile enthusiasts and motorcyclists, will promote pollution, encourage greater numbers of vehicle accidents, and possibly lead to the deaths of unknowing victims that are attacked by large preditors in the territory. It would seem that providing acreage for an official Wilderness Area would create longstanding natural resources. However, consider that the Bill allows nearly 3,000 acres of land to be dispense, free of charge for local Idaho counties to develop any way they deem appropriate. Would an incinerator, oil refinery or chemical plant built on the very edge of wilderness be appropriate? As already mentioned the Bill would also allow the purchase of land in the Sawtooth National Recreation Area for the building of trophy homes. A Wilderness Area should be for wilderness, not a human resort with spackled areas of â€Å"rustic† wealthy dwellings. Lastly, I have heard that the state and local governments will have as much authority as the federal agencies to determine the process of fire hazard prevention within the boundaries of this area. If bulldozers and chainsaws enter into the picture unchecked, what will prevent entire forests from being razed? Are these tradeoffs that we really want to make? I am curious to know all of the details of this bill, rather than just the rumors I have read about and heard. I would also like to know your stance regarding the bill, and what actions you intend to take regarding its exploitation. I am looking forward to your response and insight on the matter. Sincerely, References: Barker, R. (2003, December 8). In Boulder-White Cloud mountains, another wilderness compromise. High Country News. Retrieved online June 21st, 2006, from http://www.hcn.org/servlets/hcn.Article?article_id=14429 Ekker, T. (2006, February 15). Devil in the details of Boulder-White Cloud Wilderness Proposal. Lowbagger. Retrieved online June 21st, 2006, from http://lowbagger.org/boulderwhitecloud.html Stahl, G. (2004, June 23). Boulder-White Cloud plan scrutinized. Idaho Mountain Express. Retrieved online June 21st, 2006, from http://www.mtexpress.com/2004/04-06-23/04-06-23wildcriticism.htm   

Leadership Styles and Theories Discussion

Leadership Styles and Theories Erica Hunter Faculty: Sherry Knight NUR 415 Leadership and Management in Nursing March 18th, 2013 The student name indicated on this title page signifies that the author has read and understands the IWU Honesty Policy as outlined in the Student Handbook and IWU Catalog. Affixing this statement to the title page certifies that no cheating or dishonest use of information has occurred in completing this assignment. The work submitted is original work specific for this course.If cheating and/or plagiarism are discovered in this paper, it is acknowledged that the university policy will be followed, and may result in dismissal of the student from Indiana Wesleyan University. Leadership Styles and Theories Leaders in healthcare and in business follow a leadership style to manage their employees. The Leadership styles vary from two factor theory, expectancy theory, and OB modification to transactional theory and transformational theory.The two factor theory is where the organization considers salary, status, and security to promote job satisfaction (Yoder-Wise, 2011, p. 10). Expectancy theory is where the organization believes an individual perceived needs influence their behavior thus affecting their work performance (Yoder-Wise, 2011, p. 10). OB modification is where the leader uses positive reinforcement to motivate followers to repeat constructive behaviors in the workplace (Yoder-Wise, 2011, p. 11).The two main theories I want to focus on are transactional and transformational theories. A transformational leader is one who promotes teamwork among the staff, encourages positive self-esteem, motivates staff to function at high levels of performance and empowers staff to become more involved in the development and implementation of policies and procedures (Atkinson Smith, 2011, p. 44-50). This leadership style is readily received by employees. This type of leadership was practiced when I worked in endoscopy at Miami Valley Hospital.The team leader Kandi encouraged the staff with positive affirmations. She would take the time to teach new policies and give an opportunity for the staff to ask questions about the change. Kandi followed up on quality issues and if an error was found she used it as an opportunity to learn for the employee in a non-punitive manner. Transactional leadership is when employees adopt the traditional view of the â€Å"boss† image (Yoder-Wise, 2011, p. 39). The superior makes the decisions with little or no input from the subordinates.This leadership style makes employees feel powerless and worthless to help with change. Hopefully this leadership style is used less within organizations. Leadership Styles and Theories References Atkinson Smith, M. (2011, September). Are you a transformational leader. Magnetic Pull, 42(9), 44-50. http://dx. doi. org/10. 1097/01. NUMA. 0000403279. 04379. 6a Yoder-Wise, P. (2011). Core Concepts. In P. Yoder-Wise (Ed. ), Leading and Managing in Nursing (5th ed. , pp. 5-6). St. Louis, Missouri: Elsevier Mosby.

Questionnaire for Branded Clothing

Questionnaire for Clothes consumption NAME: CONTACT NO. OCCUPATION: e-mail: PLACE: DATE: Questions: 1) Approximately, how many times do you buy your clothes? a) Once a week b) Once every 2 weeks c) Once a month d) At the beginning of season e) During the sales period f) During the Christmas Festivities g) As the need arises h) Occasionally i) Rarely 2) From where do you usually buy clothes? a) Factory Outlets ) Retail Shops (unbranded) c) Brand’s Showrooms d) Malls e) Online Shopping 3) With whom do you usually buy your clothes? a) Friends b) Mother c) Father d) Brother/Sister e) Grandparents f) Alone 4) When buying clothes, you: a) Go directly in a particular shop. b) Go round in various shops. 5) Please indicate how much importance do you give to each of the following factors before you buy your clothes. Â   |Almost Always |Sometimes |Rarely |Never | | Fabric |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | | Design |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | | Colour |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | | Brand |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | | Comfort |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | | Fashion |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | | Price |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | 6) How would you rate the following statements? Â   |Strongly Agree |Agree |Disagree |Strongly | | | | | |Disagree | |I wear only well known brands |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |I buy clothes depending on their colours |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |I buy styles that suit me rather than what is fashionable |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |I only buy the style that my riends wear |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |I only buy the latest fashion as long as they suit me |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |I create my own fashion rather than follow it |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |I tend to stick to classic styles that won't date |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |I wear only clothes that are widely available |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |I hate going round for clothes and I let others buy my clothes |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |I search for sales an d low prices |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Â   | | | | | 7) How important would you rate the following factors in influencing the choice of clothes purchased? Â   |Almost Always |Sometimes |Rarely |Never | |Fashion Magazines |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Beauty Magazines |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Television |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Radio |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Newspapers |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Billboards |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Cinema |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Promotional Leaflets |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Internet |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | 8) Do you think that wearing branded clothes would reflect: Â   |Strongly Agree |Agree |Disagree |Strongly Disagree | |Confidence |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Superior Image |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Exclusivity |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] | |Snob Appeal |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |[pic] |

The Relationship between Discourse Analysis and Reading and Classroom Research Paper

The Relationship between Discourse Analysis and Reading and Classroom Discussion - Research Paper Example g comprehension, discourse analysis is concerned with description and analysis of spoken interactions whereas classroom discussions is concerned with classroom interactions where students invent ideas and develops deeper meaning of words. Short Summary of the Work The primary purpose of this work is to examine the relationship between discourse analysis and classroom discussions. It will conceptualize a framework for conducting classroom discussion and that of discourse analysis in order to determine the effective strategy for creating comprehensive learning in the classroom, and offer diverse arguments regarding these strategies and the ways they affect reading comprehension to students. The study reveals that discourse analysis and classroom are related because they are both effective strategies used in classroom for enhancing reading comprehension, and are related because they are employed literacy and language development. The discourse analysis is a learning strategy that is lar gely concerned with linguistic units while classroom discussions contribute to effective reading comprehension. Arguments Discourse analysis and classroom discussions are related because they are both effective strategies employed in creating reading comprehension; these approaches are contributors of effective learning in classroom but each of them has its own advantage and disadvantages. In reading or classroom discussions, teachers are supposed to create an effective climate by being mindful because this is an essential condition for effective teacher-student interaction. Classroom discussions are viewed as the effective strategy for interacting with other students; thus contributing to improved learning and communication skills. Therefore, in a reading or classroom discussions,... The primary purpose of this work is to examine the relationship between discourse analysis and classroom discussions. It will conceptualize a framework for conducting classroom discussion and that of discourse analysis in order to determine the effective strategy for creating comprehensive learning in the classroom, and offer diverse arguments regarding these strategies and the ways they affect reading comprehension to students. Discourse analysis and classroom discussion are effective strategies employed in creating reading comprehension, discourse analysis is concerned with description and analysis of spoken interactions whereas classroom discussions is concerned with classroom interactions where students invent ideas and develops deeper meaning of words. Classroom discussions are attracting escalating attention to educators as a contributor to learning and an underused practice, as well as, neglected domain in teacher preparation, where this strategy has become significant in the contemporary learning environment because it offers students room to be innovative and advance their ideas; thus improving learning skills. Although both strategies are concerned with literary and language development, reading or classroom discussion is vital because it offers students opportunities to explore their reading talents and also improve their social, as well as learning skills.

Infertility and Treatment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Infertility and Treatment - Essay Example Further it is also estimated that about 40% of infertility cases are due to some disorder in male partner, 40% involve a female factor, and the remainder involves both sexes. In women, problems can arise with either or both of gametogenesis and fertilization. As a result of these factors it can reduce or abolish the chances of pregnancy. Statistics suggest that ovulation failure either due to absent or infrequent menstrual cycles accounts for 20% of reported cases of difficulty in conception. Other problems that prevent conception in women include blockage of fallopian tubes, polycystic ovarian syndrome, hypothalamic dysfunction, luteal dysfunction, premature menopause, etc. Blockage of fallopian tubes: Female infertility due to blocked fallopian tubes can be detected by a simple technique called the hysterosalpingography. In this process a radio-opaque dye (methylene blue) is infused into the uterus. If the leakage of dye into the abdominal cavity is noticed through the X-ray diagnosis, then it indicates open tubes, where as if the dye is remaining in the uterus and does not indicate any spillage into the abdominal cavity indicates blocked tubes. Blocked fallopian tubes can result from scarring and adhesions due to infections such as chlamydia and gonorrhea that cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). In general, simple surgery can clear blockages in the fallopian tube. However, if the procedure is not successful, then in vitro fertilization is recommended procedure. IVF is a procedure in which oocytes are harvested from the ovaries and fertilized by spermatozoa in a dish containing a sterile nutrient solution. It is also possible that tubes get damag ed due to previous ectopic pregnancies. Even in such cases IVF is an option. Disorders of ovulation: Ovulation disorders include amenorrhea, lack of menstrual cycles, and oligomenorrhea, infrequent cycles. Two types of medication are used in case of ovulation disorders. Clomiphene citrate which is an anti-oestrogenic drug that stimulates the anterior pituitary to release FSH is the first set of treatment. If clomiphene treatment does not work, injections of FSH are given. These drugs are administered to stimulate ovulation and help in achieving pregnancy. Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS): It is the most common cause of ovulation failure in women today. The ovaries typically contain numerous small immature follicles. PCOS can be easily detected through blood tests which measure hormone levels. It is more common in women under 30 years old and is due to an abnormal production of LH and FSH. The basic imbalance of these hormones in the women's body prevents the ovaries from releasing an egg each month. It also results in an abnormally high production of the male hormone testosterone by the ovaries. As a result of this there is increase of facial hairs. A combination of weight losing exercises and hormone treatments can help the patients with PCOS to conceive. Premature menopause: Menopause is a natural phenomenon occurring in women after a certain age. Premature excessive loss of oocytes results in premature menopause in approximately 2% of teenagers and women in their early 20s. In such cases, infertility can be overcome by IVF using donated eggs. Additionally the infertile recipient of the embryos takes oestrogen and progesterone to prepare her uterus for implantation of the embryo. Medical sciences has

Discuss the relevance of actor network theory and systems thinking for Essay

Discuss the relevance of actor network theory and systems thinking for design and implementation of infrastructure systems - Essay Example Actor network theory outlines the underlying attributes of an information system that are sensitive. It offers a language to describe an information infrastructure. This language describes where, how and the extent to which technology influences the society and human behavior. The process is important during the identification of the technical components that are installed in the system’s modules. Actor network theory is a strategic approach to system thinking because it questions categories of an information system (Onsrud 2007 p. 17). This theory targets the performing order by establishing effects, facts, technological solutions and beliefs. The relationship between society and technology can be conceptualized in different ways. Information technology is a critical factor in the development of a society because it simultaneously enables the amplification of dominating trends that are important for the restructuring of societies. Information technology figures and constrains changes in a society. Members of a society develop the technologies that they want, and they use these technologies for the sustainability of the society (Calderà ³n & Servà ©n, 2004, p. 3). Information technology aids societies to promote the interests of different members, particularly in the control of labor. Information systems comprise large numbers of inter connections and modules. Actor network theory presents a framework that is relevant concerning the design and implementation of information infrastructures. Actor network theory is relevant in the design and implementation of an infrastructure system because it is grounded on simple observations. This theory is concerned with the ways in which design and implementation are done, rather than the ways in which these processes are normatively supposed to be approached. Actor network theory explains how technological artifacts are designed. In addition, the theory explains the processes that are performed during the design of a

To what extent is creativity an essential aspect of morally fine Essay

To what extent is creativity an essential aspect of morally fine behaviour - Essay Example her, creativity is required in many other aspects of business, from policy creation to creating interpersonal social harmony within the business environment. With these notions in mind, creativity is an essential element of successful and ethical business practices. Creativity is evident in most contemporary businesses, from the marketing-focused organisation to the more abstract business type such as entrepreneurial art production. Hence, with the need for creativity in the workplace, issues of ethics are closely linked, as concepts of integrity in advertising and in providing fair and honest internal processes mandate morally fine behaviour on behalf of the leader or subordinate worker. In capitalistic economies, business practices are a common theme as the outcomes of performing profitable activities serves to sustain the regional economy. According to one professional author who explores the philosophical elements of business ethics, â€Å"the true moral strength of capitalism lies in its promotion of human creativity† (Novak, 977). The author is attempting to illustrate that the human contribution to business involves maintaining an adaptable and flexible mentality, which involves performing in competitive environments through the use of creative ingenuity. Such ingenuity takes shape in practices from human resources (people management) and in creating new and innovative marketing materials which are designed to appeal to the potential customer and the general public. Hence, if a business desires to act in a morally-sound fashion, all creative elements produced by the business participant involves ensuring that no unethical behaviours occur. For instance, consider an organisation which produces ongoing promotional and advertising literature. This organization must consider issues of copyright infringement, from a legal compliance perspective, and ensuring that no misleading or false advertising statements or phrases are produced (Boone & Kurtz, 552-553). To